Global Chemistry Lessons
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L.P. #307 S.M.R. Cunupia
L.P. #307 S.M.R. Cunupia
5(a)(i)
As
applied to completely miscible binary systems, this states that the partial
pressure of a constituent of a binary mixture at any given temperature is equal
to the normal vapor pressure of that constituent at the stated temperature
multiplied by the mole fraction of the constituent in the mixture.
5(a)(ii)
1. The interactions between
components are similar to those in pure components.
2. There is no volume
change on mixing the components.
5(b)(i)
An azeotropic mixture is one which
boils or distils without change in composition, and in general it has a boiling
point higher or lower than that of any of its pure constituents.
5(b)(ii)
An azeotrope is not a compound because its composition varies with pressure.
5(b)(iii)
Mixture X boils at a temperature T1 and at equilibrium gives off a vapor of
composition Y richer in the more volatile component A.
Continued distillation produces the azeotrope as the distillate while pure B is
the residue.
5(c)
At
equilibrium, mass of compound in water = (5-x) g
and mass of compound in solvent = x g.
Partition coefficient = concentration
in water/concentration in ether, therefore ((5-x)/100)/(x/25) = 0.2 i.e. x = 2.8 g.
